To be sure, Babe and Animal Farm have a lot in common: a small farm
setting, a spirit of revolution, a dose of hayloft sermonizing, an untimely death,
a comic duck, and, of course, talking pigs in lead roles. Fertile ground for further
research, as they say, and indeed the two are ripe for some tongue-in-jowl academic
scrutiny. Namely, how does Babe offer a revisionist understanding of Orwell's
famous maxim: "All animals are created equal, but some animals are more equal
than others"? The animated Animal Farm is darkly drawn and cynical in
tone, and is remarkably faithful to George Orwell's dystopian fable of totalitarian
times. With nothing to lose but their yokes, the beasts of burden on Manor Farm,
led by a charismatic pig, overthrow the tyrant Jones. Having grasped the means of
production, the liberated livestock destroy the instruments of oppression and set
out to build a better society, complete with universal education, an even distribution
of wealth, and laws mandating inter-species equality. But Animal Farm is soon
beset by greed, ambition, and dissension among the shanks, and in short order, the
ascendant pigs are firmly entrenched as dictators, using political murder and a toothsome
militia to defend their regime even as they violate the rules of their own utopia.
The revolution has failed, besieged by the desire for power, and one tyrant has replaced
another. (Kinshasa, anyone?)
In Babe, pigs are shown in an altogether more favorable light. Orwell's
cynical vision is archly rebuked in this artfully shot tale of a pig who wants to
be a sheepdog. Here the charismatic swine remains true to his egalitarian principles,
and over the course of the narrative, the farm animals achieve the communitarian
democracy Orwell's beasts only dream of: from each according to his ability, to each
according to his need. Here the transgression of traditional barnyard roles is successful
and the political climate optimistic. Moreover, Babe moves away from the "four
legs good, two legs bad" reductionism of Animal Farm, which, in its allegorical
simplicity, cannot afford the nuanced treatment of quadruped-biped relations that
Babe offers. On the whole, Babe provides a stunning revisionist take
on barnyard politics, and may change the whole way we view pigs politically. As with
all trenchant academic work, this conclusion invites further research: The pigsty
is fertile ground indeed. Sadly, my scope is necessarily limited, and I must leave
it to future scholars to dissect power relations in Charlotte's Web or examine
the subversion of gender roles in Porky and Petunia. But let no scholar turn away
from these questions in disdain, for when pigs speak, they speak volumes.
--Jay Hardwig
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