SHAKESPEARE PROVOKES anxiety, I've noticed, in the hearts
of the otherwise curious, intelligent and alert. The thought of
going to a film of Shakespeare (or a play) can be like the prospect
of taking a bitter and unpleasant tonic that you know is meant
to be good for you. The language, the costumes, the parades of
queens and princes--it all seems a little medicinal. Okay, I'll
admit it. The thought of seeing Shakespeare, especially on film,
which has not done well with stage productions, filled me with
dread.
Well, I'm here to tell you, I saw Richard III and it was
easy. Really. Yes, Shakespeare is a more difficult scriptwriter
than, say, Joe Eszterhas ("How'd you like a knuckle sandwich?"--Showgirls)
but he is infinitely more rewarding ("O, never yet one hour
in his bed have I enjoyed the golden dew of sleep"--Richard
III). And this production, set in England during the thirties,
is stunning, creepy and fast-paced. Ian McKellen (who also co-wrote
and co-produced), with his permanent scowl, makes a wonderfully
malicious Richard of Gloucester. The thirties costumes and sets
update the visual cues we've lost sight of since the Elizabethan
era and give the film a political frame of reference.
Richard is the most spiteful and cunning of Shakespeare's villains--an
ugly prince, born with a hunchback and withered arm and pretty
much devoid of redeeming qualities. He suffers from what we would
today term low self-esteem, a sort of inverted Kurt Cobain syndrome:
He hates himself so he wants to be a famous king then he wants
everyone else to die. After he helps win the throne for
his brother in a bloody civil war, he sets to murdering just about
everyone he knows in order to achieve his self-serving end. What
a snake. It's great material.
The thirties-style costumes, sets and customs add a delightfully
strange cast to the film. The characters end up looking more erotically
charged in their slinky rayon dresses and high leather boots than
you might expect, and their decadence comes in a style modern
audiences can understand. Lady Anne (Kristin Scott-Thomas), who
marries Richard knowing he has killed her husband, is always a
pathetic figure, but this production has her skin-popping heroin
in the backseat of a limo once she's realized her folly. As Richard
rises to power, he and his henchmen adopt black, fascist-style
uniforms and knee-high boots. His coronation resembles a scene
from Leni Riefenstahl's Nazi propaganda film, Triumph of the
Will.
The sinister mood continues as McKellan and director Richard
Loncraine manage to implicate the audience in Richard's wickedness
by having him deliver his monologues directly to the camera. This
may not sound like much but, maybe because no one does this in
the movies (except, occasionally, stand up comics) it has surprising
power. (Laurence Olivier did it too in his 1955 version, to lesser
effect, maybe because close-ups have never been as close as they
are these days.) There's something sly in the way this movie surprises
and draws us in. When Richard begins his "Now is the winter
of our discontent..." soliloquy, it takes the form of a victory
speech at his brother's coronation. But then he leaves the hall
and begins to mutter; by the time the more personal sections of
the speech come along--where Richard reveals his evil core--he's
alone, relieving himself in a urinal. His eye catches the camera
in the mirror and suddenly, he isn't talking to himself anymore.
He's talking directly to us.
This thoughtful playfulness in the adaptation is so delightful
that I found myself willing to forgive it some misses. The play
has been cut down and streamlined so much that it pops from event
to event without pausing to fill us in on background and motives,
like a comic book version of the classic. Thus, Clarence of Gloucester
is sentenced to death for no apparent reason, and within a few
moments he's executed. Richard says he plans to wed Lady Anne
and the next thing we know it's a done deal. Speeches are cut
back to the bare bone, so at times it sounds like a Greatest Hits
of the 1600s spot: "That I may die to look upon death no
more..." and "A horse! My kingdom for a horse!"
Yes, it is fast-paced, and the production as a whole is brilliant,
but for the simple conveyance of Shakespeare's play, this is far
less complete than Olivier's 1955 version. After all, no matter
how scary high culture can be, no one wants a Shakespearean version
of Die Hard.